| Whether you write fiction or non-fiction, there is | | | | keep it to six words, but no more than 10 words. |
| much to learn from Ernest Hemmingway. His | | | | * Hemmingway was a master at writing |
| spare, hard hitting style came from his | | | | conversation. At least one story consisted almost |
| background in journalism, birthed in Kansas City, | | | | entirely of a conversation between two people. |
| fired in the trenches of World War I, and polished | | | | 11. Write a story using nothing but a conversation |
| as a reporter for the Toronto Star. | | | | between two people. |
| He followed four rules of good writing: | | | | 12. Write a story using nothing but conversation |
| 1. Use short sentences | | | | between two people. However, this time the |
| 2. Use short paragraphs | | | | story must be told about a third person through |
| 3. Don't just write active English, write vigorous | | | | the interactions of the two people. In other |
| English | | | | words, you can't have one person telling the other |
| 4. Write what things are; don't write what they | | | | a story. Make us cry for the third person, or |
| are not. | | | | laugh. But make us react. |
| His writing was active and hard hitting even when | | | | 13. Write a story using conversation only. Use no |
| he dealt with love and family life. In modern | | | | adjectives. Use no adverbs. However, show us |
| terms, he wrote down to the bone. Each word | | | | their fear. |
| meant something. Each phrase evoked a feeling | | | | 14. Write a story using conversation only. Use no |
| or opinion. In Hemmingway's case usually | | | | adjectives. Use no adverbs. However, show us |
| something manly and full of life. | | | | their joy. |
| There are several forms of writing that he | | | | 15. Write a story using conversation only. Use no |
| developed into an art form. No matter what type | | | | adjectives. Use no adverbs. However, show us |
| of writing you do, you can learn a lot from trying | | | | their hatred of the third person. |
| to emulate him. | | | | * Hemmingway was a master of redirection. He |
| Here are twenty-five improvement exercises | | | | would illustrate the human condition while talking |
| using five characteristics of Hemmingway short | | | | about a single man. Three people would be |
| stories (plus one quote). Try them. They are | | | | enough for him to describe the evils of the entire |
| guaranteed to improve your writing. | | | | Spanish Civil War. Fiction to him was like an |
| *. I've already talked about Hemmingway's four | | | | iceberg. Just a tip showing itself to the world. |
| rules. Now you're going to experience each of | | | | 16. Write a story about one person fishing. |
| them. Write five short stories of between 250 | | | | Without telling us directly, reveal a tragedy he has |
| and 500 words. Obey the stated Hemmingway | | | | experienced. |
| rule or rules: | | | | 17. Write a story about one person climbing a |
| 1. Write a story using short sentences... in this | | | | mountain. Without telling us directly, reveal who is |
| case nothing longer than ten words. | | | | chasing him. |
| 2. Write a story using short paragraphs... in this | | | | 18. Write a story about one person on the shore. |
| case nothing longer than three sentences, an | | | | Without telling us directly, describe the effects of |
| introduction, a statement, and a conclusion. | | | | war. |
| 3. Write a story using nothing except vigorous | | | | 19. Write a story about one person on the street. |
| English without falling into the trap of producing | | | | Using a conversation between two other people |
| purple prose. Don't just see the bullet. Feel the | | | | and without telling us directly, reveal a great |
| bullet bite. Taste the blood. Smell the cordite. Use | | | | tragedy in his life and its effect on him. |
| all five senses actively. | | | | 20. Write a story without anyone. Only a scene. |
| 4. Write a story without using the negative. Show | | | | But tell us the story of a person's life. |
| us what things are. Talk about the warmth of the | | | | * Hemmingway was known for his ability to |
| fire. The smell of the smoke. Don't tell us about | | | | describe action, and exact descriptions of |
| not being able to see through the smoke, tell us | | | | locations. |
| about what you see. | | | | 21. Write a story describing action. Do not use |
| 5. Write a short story that follows all the rules. No | | | | adjectives. Do not use adverbs. Keep the |
| sentence longer than ten words. No paragraph | | | | sentences short and to the point. |
| longer than three sentences... don't cheat! Keep | | | | 22. Write a story describing a location. Do it in a |
| your descriptions active. Be positive in your | | | | conversation. Be exact. Be precise. How red is |
| writing, not negative. Tell us what things are not | | | | red. How blue is blue. Do not use adjectives. Do |
| what they aren't. | | | | not use adverbs. |
| * Write a short, short, and shorter still story. | | | | 23. Write a story describing silence. Do not use |
| Hemmingway bragged that he had once told a | | | | adjectives. Do not use adverbs. Do not use |
| story in only six words... For sale: baby shoes, | | | | negatives. What is the silence like? |
| never worn. So how short can you write a story? | | | | 24. Write a story describing a bullfight. Describe |
| 6. Write a short story of 250 words. Then | | | | the ring exactly. Do not use adverbs. Do not use |
| rewrite it in 25 words... losing nothing! Then write it | | | | adjectives. Use short sentences and short |
| in ten words. Convey all the emotions of the | | | | paragraphs. Let your words convey the action. |
| original. | | | | * And finally a quote... "All you have to do is write |
| 7. Write a short story -- a full story -- in six | | | | one true sentence. Write the truest sentence you |
| words. | | | | know." |
| 8. Write a short story illustrating joy. Try to keep | | | | 25. So on to your last improvement exercise... |
| it to six words, but no more than 10 words. | | | | Write one true sentence. Write the truest |
| 9. Write a short story illustrating fear. Try to | | | | sentence you know. It may not be a short story. |
| keep it to six words, but no more than 10 words. | | | | But it might be the most important writing you |
| 10. Write a short story illustrating anger. Try to | | | | do. |