How to Handle Bad-Paying Tenants

Bad payers are a problem for all landlords andA partial payment is the same as a late payment.
we've all found different ways to deal with theIf a tenant pays $400 on time and sends the
problem. The best solution is one that gets theother $200 on the sixth day of the month, he's
tenant back on track and avoids a costly eviction.late - and must pay the late fee. A bounced
I use the term "bad payer" to cover late payers,check is worse than a late or partial payment.
partial payers, check bouncers, and non-payers.Now you have to pay a fee to the bank and the
There are a number of ways to deal with badgood check will still be late. Charge both the late
payers. First, you want to do everything in yourfee and the bank fee to the tenant. More than
power to ensure that all tenants pay on time,one bounced check and you should require that
every time. For example, set up a schedule ofthe tenant start paying with a bank check or
discounts for on-time payments or late fees formoney order. Many landlords insist on bank
late payments. Many landlords favor the discountchecks or money orders for all tenants,
approach because it is an easier sell to aregardless of their payment history, but this has
prospective tenant, but you may find it is not asdisadvantages. One is that they are inconvenient
effective in reducing late payments. Why?for tenants. Another is that if a bank check gets
Because there's no stigma attached to not gettinglost in the mail, it is harder for the tenant to void
a discount.it than for a personal check.
Often people have good intentions about payingYou may want to cut extra slack to tenants who
on time but don't remember to make payments.let you know ahead of time that their payments
Two ideas may help you here. One is to send outwill be late. This is usually because the tenant is
rent invoices. Your tenants get a bill each monthshort on cash. If the lateness is not excessive
for everything else they have to pay - why not-three or four days at most - I will waive the late
their rent? Another is to offer an automaticfee. But if I start getting calls like this every
payment plan. There are companies that you canmonth or every other month, I will charge the
use to set up automatic payments by directlate fee.
withdrawal or by credit card. Again, theseWhen a tenant tells you he can't pay full rent on
methods presume good intentions on the part oftime because of financial trouble, get more details
the tenant.about his problem. The big question is whether his
What do you do with a chronic late payer? Firstcash crunch is caused by a one-time expense or
recognize that there are gray areas here. Iloss of income, or a permanent or long-term
believe your actions should depend on whetherchange such as a layoff. If the cause is a
the lateness is consistent - for example, theone-time expense, chances are he'll get back on
tenant always pays between the third and sixthhis feet and be able to pay in full on time next
day of the month - or gets worse over time. Amonth. He still owes you the money for the
tenant whose lateness gets worse every month,current month and you can make a separate
despite your late fees and complaints about lateagreement for this payment. Make sure he
payments, probably has little regard for yourknows that violating the separate agreement or
authority. When he is late enough to warrant anpaying the next month's bill late will result in
eviction notice, send it, and follow through.eviction. And if you do make a separate
Chances are you've already seen other signs thatagreement, run it by your attorney to make sure
this person is irresponsible- he doesn't return yourit is legal and enforceable.
calls and may have misbehaved in other ways inThe tenant in this situation may also be able to
the unit.find money from another source to pay the
On the other hand, a consistent late payer iscurrent month's rent. In my city, the public
probably worth keeping, even if you can neverassistance office will write a one-time check for a
get him to pay on time. Consider that the latetenant who has a cash crunch but is working at a
payments are actually improving your bottom line.job and can generally afford the unit. However,
For example, suppose I have a tenant whothey won't make assistance payments every
always pays about the sixth day of the month,month. Check this with your own local office.
and is charged a $5 per day late fee on a $600A tenant who can't pay because of job loss or a
monthly rent. This tenant is giving me a 5% rentpermanent new expense can no longer afford the
increase in exchange for a few days lateness - I'llunit. He has to either increase his income or
take that. Another consideration is how long it willreduce his expenses right away, or move out.
take you to re-rent the unit. My properties are inMaybe the tenant could get a roommate who can
New Hampshire and it's very difficult to find asplit the rent. Maybe he can get a second job. If
good tenant during the winter. If I evict my $600not, try to convince him to leave voluntarily,
per month tenant for late payments inwithout a formal eviction. It's better for him,
November, and don't find a new tenant untilbecause he won't owe court costs, and will leave
February, that's $1,800 out the window. Better towith as much of his assets as possible. But if he
put up with the late payments (and enjoy the latewon't leave voluntarily, you must evict, as soon
fees).as possible.